Answer 1:

Human-Computer Interaction

Human-Computer Interaction is the science and technology that encompasses and supports human activities through applications in computer systems. Its history is rooted in the early years of Western civilization when societies developed skills in using the arts and sciences to advance technology and gain an advantage. HCI has evolved to encompass a broad range of techniques and products that provide interaction opportunities for people in many ways. It has been shown that Interaction has great potential for meeting human needs, and people in many different cultural contexts have great interest in the technologies that can be used. Human-Computer Interaction is a way of interacting with computers. It refers to exchanging information, expressing ideas, and taking action. It is a process that can be taught in schools, universities, and businesses (Chakraborty et al., 2018).

Types of User Interfaces

User Interfaces are the mechanisms for presenting information to computer users. The most familiar types are user-based and system-based interfaces. In contrast to user interfaces, system-based interfaces are designed to support various types of computers. Users are the users of computers, and computers are the users of computers. In a typical system, each user is expected to have a specific set of capabilities. In contrast, each user or group is represented by an attribute in a user-based system. Choosing the relevant attributes may be handled in many different ways. User interfaces may be created to help the developer and user create and maintain a stable user interface. User interfaces can also help the developer communicate with the target system more easily (Kendall & Kendall, 2019).

UX design

UX design is a process that is focused on user experience. This term has been coined to encompass a wide spectrum of activities and applications. There are many phases involved in UX design, beginning with the conceptualization phase of the prototyping phase, through the design process stage, to the design process of the final product. A very important part of the UX design process is the implementation stage, which is the time spent to develop the final product or system. Usability is about how to get users to adopt the application and how to help the user understand the functionality of the application to get more from it. UX design is a discipline whose purpose is to develop user-centered, information-driven products and services and solve problems such as understanding user needs, expressing user preferences, design and usability. Design is a process that involves multiple activities, such as prototyping, developing the conceptual model, constructing the design (Vermeeren et al., 2016).

References

Chakraborty, Sarma, D., Bhuyan, M., &MacDorman, K. F. (2018). Review of constraints on vision-based gesture recognition for human–computer interaction. IET Computer Vision, 12(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cvi.2017.0052

Kendall, K.E, & Kendall, J.E (2019). Systems Analysis and Design (10th ed.). Pearson.

Vermeeren, Roto, V., & Vaananen, K. (2016). Design-inclusive UX research: design as a part of doing user experience research. Behaviour & Information Technology, 35(1), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2015.1081292

Answer 2:

Human-Computer Interaction

A human-computer interaction HCI practitioner uses a variety of technology tools, including software, print media, and analog media, to ensure that people can make sense of what they produce and communicate their work. The field of human-computer Interaction comprises several subfields, each characterized by its own set of rules and guidelines that have evolved from a common set of standards and best practices. These guidelines and policies may be used to establish policies, guidelines, or even a set of rules. HCI seeks to understand the nature of human-computer Interaction and to investigate how it can be used to solve specific problems and how it can be improved through design and implementation. Human-computer Interaction is now a multidisciplinary discipline with many interdisciplinary areas (Preece, 2016).

UX Design

UX Design is the study of designing systems that look, perform, and communicate to make them easy to use, use intelligently and, in some cases, dramatically simplify a process or application. It is a critical part of system development. It is the process of making a user-friendly system work. UX Design focuses on the fundamentals of producing a user interface and how to make a system understandable to the user. User interfaces can be created in many different ways, and a system designer must consider the different scenarios when selecting the best approach. It is important to remember that interfaces differ according to the software implementations of their classes, the physical devices involved, the underlying hardware, and the supported applications (Mara, 2018).

Interfaces for Smartphones and Tablets

Smartphones and Tablets are designed for portable computing environments. These devices are ideal for individuals who cannot physically carry a notebook or a PC at all. The devices are often used as companions that enable users to work on their projects while sitting at a desk. In order to connect these devices to the computer, the handheld devices have to be able to interact with and record the data received from the computer. An important aspect of this is that the information is not limited to a predetermined date; it also needs to be restricted to the data type (Kendall & Kendall, 2019).

References

Kendall, K.E, & Kendall, J.E (2019). Systems Analysis and Design (10th ed.). Pearson.

Mara. (2018). Framework negotiation and UX design. Communication Design Quarterly Review, 5(3), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1145/3188173.3188178

Preece. (2016). Citizen Science: New Research Challenges for Human-Computer Interaction. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 32(8), 585–612. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2016.1194153