1. a. What did Piaget mean when he said that the preoperational child “lacked conservation”? b. What is centration? c. Explain the relationship between centration and lacking conservation. d. Provide an example to illustrate your understanding. Your example should demonstrate how conservation and centration are related. Remember, as always, to use your own words. (4 points)
2. Explain the difference between authoritative and authoritarian parenting. b. Provide examples of each to illustrate your understanding. c. Which form of parenting appears to be most effective? d. With which philosophy of childhood is this most consistent (this refers to material in Section I). Be sure to explain yourself fully. (4 points)
3. Explain what Piaget meant by “egocentrism” and provide an example of an egocentric adult that illustrates this concept. How does Piaget’s egocentrism differ from how the term “egocentrism” is commonly used? (3 points)
4. When discussing cognition in early childhood, what is “scaffolding”? Explain and give an example of scaffolding that you, as an adult, have experienced (where you were the recipient of scaffolding). (3 points)
5.In early childhood, what stage is a child in according to Freud? In early childhood, what stage is a child in according to Erikson? In early childhood, what stage is a child in according to Piaget? (3 points)
6.Television has become a significant influence in the life of most children. Is there reason to be concerned about the impact of television? Why or why not? Be sure to support your position with evidence (“evidence” means you must make reference to research findings). (3 points)