Grossmont College Patterns of Behavior Discussion
Question Description
I’m trying to learn for my English class and I’m stuck. Can you help?
Discuss different patterns of behavior between men and women in public and at home, their different communication styles, relational styles, and expectations.
In your First Draft, you should include: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Three Body Paragraphs, Conclusion, Works Cited, and Self-Reflection.
Use Headings: Abstract, Introduction, Main Part (Body Paragraphs), Conclusion, Works Cited, and Self-Reflection.
Below, read the article “Sex, Lies, and Conversation” by Debora Tannen, and use it as one of you sources.
Essay structure:
1. TITLE
Connect your title with a hook (in your introduction) and your conclusion.
2. ABSTRACT
Include an Abstract for your paper in MLA style. An Abstract provides a brief digest of the paper’s essential ideas in about 100 words (3-4 sentences).
How to write an Abstract:
To that end, borrow from your Introduction:
A. a sentence about the problem you are trying to solve in your project,
B. a thesis statement/claim as a solution to this problem,
C. borrow one or two significant sentences from your conclusion.
In MLA style, place the abstract on the first page of your essay one double-space below the title and before the first lines of Introduction. Indent the abstract five spaces as a block, and indent the first line an additional five spaces. Use quadruple spacing at the end of the abstract to set it off from the text, which follows immediately after. You may also place the abstract on a separate page between the title and the first page of the text.
Remember that the abstract is usually read first and may be the only part read; therefore, make it accurate, specific, and self-contained (i.e., it makes sense alone without references to the main text). Note this example of an ABSTRACT from a professional Journal:
Child Abuse: A view of the Victim
ABSTRACT
This project examines the problem of child abuse,
especially the fact that families receive attention after
abuse occurs, not before. With abuse statistics on the
rise, efforts devoted to prevention rather than coping
should focus on parents in order to discover those
adults because of heredity, their own childhood, the
economy, and other cause of depression. Viewing
the parent as a victim, not just a criminal, will enable
social agencies to institute preventive programs that
may control abuse and hold together family units.
ABSTRACT
This project examines the problem of child abuse,
especially the fact that families receive attention after
abuse occurs, not before.
SOLUTION (THESIS STATEMENT/Claim of Policy):
With abuse statistics on the
rise, efforts devoted to prevention rather than coping
should focus on parents in order to discover those
adults because of heredity, their own childhood, the
economy, and other cause of depression.
Recommendation (a sentence borrowed from conclusion):
Viewing
the parent as a victim, not just a criminal, will enable
social agencies to institute preventive programs that
may control abuse and hold together family units.
3. INTRODUCTION
Your introduction is usually one paragraph. A weak introduction will cause readers to lose interest in your essay.
A strong introduction, however, will make them care about the issues you are discussing and want them to read further. For this reason, an effective introduction usually includes a hook that creates interest.
Also, in your introduction, you should establish the problem you are trying to solve in your project, explain how significant the topic under discussion is, explain what the purpose of your project is, acknowledge the audience, describe what the needs and values of this audience are (one sentence), and frame your thesis statement. Your thesis statement should provide a solution to the problem.
I. hook
II. problem
III. significance
IV. purpose ( to inform, to argue, or to persuade)
V. audience
VI needs and values of the audience
VII. thesis statement/claim (of value, fact, policy, definition).
Here are several strategies you can use to create an effective hook:
1. You can begin with background information if you are not required to write a page or two after introduction. Do not use this strategy in your introduction this time.
2. You can introduce an essay with your own original definition of a relevant term or concept. This technique is especially useful for research paper, when the meaning of a specific term is crucial.
For example: Democracy is a form of government in which people chose leaders by voting.
3. You can begin your essay with an anecdote or story that leads readers to your thesis.
4. You can begin with a question
For example: What was a like to live through the Holocaust?
5. You can begin with a quotation. If it arouses interest, it can encourage your audience to read further.
Foe example: “The rich are different.” F Scott Fitzgerald wrote more than ninety years ago. ” Apparently, they still are”.
6. You can begin with a surprising statement. An unexpected statement catches readers’ attention and makes them want to read more.
For example: Believe it or not, many people who live in suburbs are not white and rich.
7. You can begin with a contradiction. You can open your essay with an idea that most people believe is true
and then get readers’ attention by showing that is inaccurate or ill-advised.
For example: Many people think that after the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1779, the colonists defeated the British army in battle after battle. This commonly held believe is incorrect. The truth is that the colonial army lost most of its battles. The British were defeated not because the colonial army was stronger, but because the British government lost interest in pursuing an expensive war three thousand miles from home.
8. You can begin with a fact or statistics.
For example: Recently, the National Council on Teacher Quality released a report that said that of the 1, 400 teacher-preparation programs in the United States, 1,100 are inadequate.
No matter which strategy you select, your introductions should be consistent in tone with the rest of your essay. If it is not, it can misrepresent your intentions and even damage your credibility. For this reason, it is a good idea not to write your introduction until after you have finished your rough draft.
In summary: your Introduction should include 6-7 sentences covering:
hook, problem, significance, purpose, audience, thesis. Do not include any personal reflection or personal examples in your introduction, body paragraphs, conclusion. Include them in a Self-reflection page.
Avoid using “I” and “YOU”.
4. Write three Body paragraphs to analyze similarities and differences (250 word per each paragraph).
Choose subject-by-subject or point-by-point comparison.
Include the topic sentences and concluding sentences.
You can use quotes, brief summaries, and paraphrase borrowed from the professional articles with the authors’ names and page numbers; avoid using wikipedia and websites that do not end with .gov, .edu. Use the parenthetical citations to acknowledge all sources. Avoid plagiarism!
Three body paragraphs should support your thesis statement. Your topic sentences should express the main idea of the paragraph, and concluding sentences should tie the whole paragraph together without simply rephrasing the topic sentence.
Body paragraphs, the key building blocks of essays, represent distinct logical steps within the whole comparison/contrast essay. Body paragraphs should include supporting details. To support your topic sentence, explain the first supporting detail, give an example of the detail, and then unpack/interpret this example in a sentence or two. If you have several supporting details, repeat the same steps. Supporting details should be facts, statistics, quotes (from the scholarly articles).
Use transitions to provide a bridge between a topic sentence and the first supporting detail, between new supporting details within the paragraph, and to introduce a concluding sentence. 1.3 Transition
5. Conclusion (100 words), 2.3 Conclusion. Read
How to write an effective conclusion:
A separate concluding paragraph is necessary because a good essay should not stop in the middle. A conclusion gives a reader a sense of completion of the subject. Use the concluding paragraph to emphasize the validity and importance of your thinking. The concluding paragraph is your last chance to convince the reader. The conclusion may be the last part of your essay the teacher reads before putting a grade on your paper. Therefore, make your conclusion count.
Flag that you are concluding the paragraph by offering a concluding transition.
Briefly summarize your position (one sentence), your point of you.
So we can see that …
Or
Therefore, we can see that…
While searching for an exit with proper emphasis and grace, here some suggestions that might spark some good ideas for your conclusion. The first four are mandatory to use; the rest is your choice.
An evaluation of the importance of the essay’s subject
A statement of the essay’s broader implications
A recommendation or call to action
A warning based on the essay’s thesis
A quotation from an authority or someone whose insight emphasizes the main point
An anecdote or brief example that emphasizes or sum up the point of the essay
A rhetorical question that makes the reader think about the essay’s main point
A forecast based on the essay’s thesis
An ironic twist, witticism, pun, or playful use of words
A proverb, maxim, or motto
7. Self-Reflection. Evaluate your strengths and weaknesses as a writer and a critical thinker. Explain what you learned working on this project. Write one page.
Text Entry and File Uploads: doc,xls,txt
Use the article below, and find two articles on your own to support your thesis statement and topic sentences. You have to use at least three articles. Use professional articles only (with the authors’ names).
SEX, LIES AND CONVERSATION
By Deborah Tannen
June 24, 1990
IWAS ADDRESSING a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room — a women’s group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening, one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening, I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don’t talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said, “She’s the talker in our family.” The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. “It’s true,” he explained. “When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn’t keep the conversation going, we’d spend the whole evening in silence.”
This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.
The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late ’70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book “Divorce Talk” that most of the women she interviewed — but only a few of the men — gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent, that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year — a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.
In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his, or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements and errands. Instead, they focused on communication: “He doesn’t listen to me,” “He doesn’t talk to me.” I found, as Hacker observed years before, that most wives want their husbands to be, first and foremost, conversational partners, but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.
In short, the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk. Linguistic Battle of the Sexes
How can women and men have such different impressions of communication in marriage? Why the widespread imbalance in their interests and expectations?
In the April issue of American Psychologist, Stanford University’s Eleanor Maccoby reports the results of her own and others’ research showing that children’s development is most influenced by the social structure of peer interactions. Boys and girls tend to play with children of their own gender, and their sex-separate groups have different organizational structures and interactive norms.
I believe these systematic differences in childhood socialization make talk between women and men like cross-cultural communication, heir to all the attraction and pitfalls of that enticing but difficult enterprise. My research on men’s and women’s conversations uncovered patterns similar to those described for children’s groups.
For women, as for girls, intimacy is the fabric of relationships, and talk is the thread from which it is woven. Little girls create and maintain friendships by exchanging secrets; similarly, women regard conversation as the cornerstone of friendship. So a woman expects her husband to be a new and improved version of a best friend. What is important is not the individual subjects that are discussed but the sense of closeness, of a life shared, that emerges when people tell their thoughts, feelings, and impressions.
Bonds between boys can be as intense as girls’, but they are based less on talking, more on doing things together. Since they don’t assume talk is the cement that binds a relationship, men don’t know what kind of talk women want, and they don’t miss it when it isn’t there.
Boys’ groups are larger, more inclusive, and more hierarchical, so boys must struggle to avoid the subordinate position in the group. This may play a role in women’s complaints that men don’t listen to them. Some men really don’t like to listen, because being the listener makes them feel one-down, like a child listening to adults or an employee to a boss.
But often when women tell men, “You aren’t listening,” and the men protest, “I am,” the men are right. The impression of not listening results from misalignments in the mechanics of conversation. The misalignment begins as soon as a man and a woman take physical positions. This became clear when I studied videotapes made by psychologist Bruce Dorval of children and adults talking to their same-sex best friends. I found that at every age, the girls and women faced each other direc
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