Your final project must be on one of the following topics:

– Community Policing (in support of CO4 and CO5)

– Whether a College Degree Should be Mandatory for Police Recruits (in support of CO2)

– A topic focused on a specific aspect of Equity, Diversion, Equality (EDI) as it relates to law enforcement and this course. Keep in mind, EDI is far more than simply a discussion on race. Potential EDI areas for consideration can in part include issues related to race, ethnicity, gender, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, tribe, casts, socio-economic status, thinking and communication styles, etc. This topic allows a wide variety of potential topics and in turn is in support of all 5 COs). All EDI based topics within this category are pre-approved so long as it relates to law enforcement and this course, but if unsure if your topic can work please post it in the Question Tab of the Forums for instructor approval

REFERENCES

Students will be required to use at least 5 scholarly – (peer-reviewed)- sources. Students have access to peer-reviewed sources through the APUS library. Note: .com, and .org sources can be used for referenced support, but will not count toward the minimum scholarly source requirement.

Community Policing

References

Buheji, M. (2020). When Police Behave-A Transformation Program That Reshapes Police Community Relationships Based on Problem Solving and Values. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 10(3), 5876-5876.

Chu, C. C., Tsai, T. J., Wang, C. Y., & Meng, F. S. (2021). Effective Citizen Engagement in Community Policing: The Lessons and Experience of Taiwan. Chinese Public Administration Review.

Crowl, J. N. (2017). The effect of community policing on fear and crime reduction, police legitimacy and job satisfaction: An empirical review of the evidence. Police Practice and Research, 18(5), 449-462.

Cunningham, J. P., & Gillezeau, R. (2018, May). Racial differences in police use of force: Evidence from the 1960s civil disturbances. In AEA Papers and Proceedings (Vol. 108, pp. 217-21).

Giwa, S. (2018). Community policing in racialized communities: A potential role for police social work. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 28(6), 710-730.

Hassan, M. M., & Abdullah, A. (2018). The Barriers and Ideas of Improvement to Community Oriented Policing (COP) Development and Implementation in Malaysia. Case Study: Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 5(5):4720-4727

Kearns, E. M. (2017). Why are some officers more supportive of community policing with minorities than others? Justice Quarterly, 34(7), 1213-1245

Maguire, E. R., Lowrey, B. V., & Johnson, D. (2017). Evaluating the relative impact of positive and negative encounters with police: A randomized experiment. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 13(3), 367-391.

Mutongwizo, T., Holley, C., Shearing, C. D., & Simpson, N. P. (2021). Resilience policing: An emerging response to shifting harm landscapes and reshaping community policing. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 15(1), 606-621.

Namgung, H. (2018). How can police agencies implement community policing? Create specialized units! International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 52, 144-154.

National Police Foundation. (n.d.). Community policing. https://www.policefoundation.org/projects-old/comm…

National Police Foundation. (n.d.). Solving crime and enhancing community-policing using advanced GPS tracking technology. https://www.policefoundation.org/solving-crime-and…

Perez, N. M., Nguyen, T., & Vogel, B. (2021). Community–Police Dialogues: Evaluating the Effects on Adult, Youth, and Police Participants. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 15(2), 1232-1244.

Rukus, J., Warner, M. E., & Zhang, X. (2018). Community policing: Least effective where the need is greatest. Crime & Delinquency, 64(14), 1858-1881.

Schuck, A. M. (2017). Female officers and community policing: Examining the connection between gender diversity and organizational change. Women & Criminal Justice, 27(5), 341-362

Skogan, W. G., & Hartnett, S. M. (2019). Community policing. Police innovation: Contrasting perspectives, 27-44.

U.S. Department of Justice. (n.d.). Community policing defined. https://cops.usdoj.gov/RIC/Publications/cops-p157-…

U.S. Department of Justice. (n.d.). Social media and neighborhood-based policing officers: A path forward. https://cops.usdoj.gov/html/dispatch/05- 2016/social_media_and_neighborhood_police.asp

Williams, C. B., Fedorowicz, J., Kavanaugh, A., Mentzer, K., Thatcher, J. B., & Xu, J. (2018). Leveraging social media to achieve a community policing agenda. Government Information Quarterly, 35(2), 210-222